In New York State, a conviction of a crime leaves a permanent criminal record which cannot be “expunged” like in some states. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain a result in the case which does not leave a criminal record in the first place. Some examples of such results include “ACD” (Adjournment Contemplating Dismissal) and “violations” which are not crimes. However, in some limited circumstances, a criminal conviction can be overturned by filing an appeal or a motion to vacate. For example, a defendant who was not advised about the consequences of a conviction on his or her immigration status has potential grounds for a motion to vacate.
